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Liquid Filter Terms

Absolute Filtration Rating (AFR) – The diameter of the largest spherical particle that is able to pass through a filter in certain testing conditions. The AFR indicates the biggest opening in any given filter element.

Absorption – A process by which a solid is employed in the removal of a soluble substance from water.

Beta Ratio – The number of similar-sized particles moving upstream through a filter in a ratio to the number of particles moving downstream.

Bridging – A condition in which particles fill and block the entire area between adjacent sections of a filter.

Bubble Point – The gas pressure at which a constant stream of gas bubbles is released from a wet filter element under specified testing conditions.

Bypass (Relief) Valve – A mechanism that ensures proper fluid flow when pre-selected flow levels are surpassed. The valve allows for part or all of the fluid to bypass the filter.

Channeling – The tendency of contaminating particles to pass through a low-density area of a poor filter around its seal points.

Clarification – The filtering of liquids that have only a small amount of solid particles.

Collapse Pressure – Maximum pressure a filter element can withstand without any permanent deformation(s).

Cycle Length/Filter Life – The amount of time that a filter is able to operate effectively before it needs to be cleaned or replaced.

Differential Pressure – Difference in pressure between any two positions of a component or system.

Effective Area – Area of the filter element that is exposed to fluid flow.

Efficiency – Ability of a filter element to remove a particular contaminant at a specified contaminant concentration. Efficiency is typically expressed as a percentage.

Element (Medium) – The porous material that performs the actual filtration process.

Housing – An enclosure that directs the fluid flow through the filter element.

Mean Filtration Rating – The average size of the pores of a given filter media.

Media Migration – The release into the flowing fluid of components that make up the filter media.

Pore – A small opening in a filter that allows fluid to pass.

Rated Flow – Optimal flow for which a certain filter is designed.

System Silting – Collection and settling of micro-sized particles inside a fluid system.